Exenatide

Exenatide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes treatment. It mimics incretin hormones to stimulate insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, suppresses glucagon, delays gastric emptying, and aids in weight reduction. Available in twice-daily and weekly extended-release formulations, it also shows potential benefits in hepatic fat reduction and neuroprotection.

• Enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion
• Suppresses inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion
• Slows gastric emptying and reduces postprandial glucose spikes

• unit: mcg

  low dose: 5

  frequency: Twice daily

  high dose: 10

  standard dose: 5

  administration route: Subcutaneous (SQ)

• unit: mg

  low dose: 2

  frequency: Once weekly (extended-release formulation)

  high dose: 2

  standard dose: 2

  administration route: Subcutaneous (SQ)

• Immediate-release: Inject twice daily within 60 minutes before morning and evening meals. Extended-release: Inject 2 mg SubQ once weekly. Continuous use; monitor glucose, A1c, and GI tolerance.

common: ["Nausea","Vomiting","Diarrhea"]

warnings: ["Risk of acute pancreatitis","Caution in patients with renal impairment"]

long term: ["Potential risk of thyroid C-cell tumors (observed in rodents)"]

sequence: HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPPS

half life: 2.4 hours (immediate-release); approximately 6 to 7 days (extended-release).

degradation: Primarily degraded by DPP-4 enzyme and cleared renally.

molecular weight: 4186.6

molecular formula: C184H282N50O60

tissue specificity: Targets pancreatic beta cells, central appetite centers, and slows gastric emptying.

• Exenatide.reviewPMID 16341288 ↗
• A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer's Disease.clinicalPMID 31518224 ↗